心房颤动(简称房颤)是最常见的持续性心律失常。随着年龄的增长房颤的发生率不断增加,75岁以上人群可达10%。
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/a584347da59a4361bcbd35a23bfb8fa9~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=2n3pn0Z3obVbjN6mxxcraNi4RHE%3D)
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/43ed3f6c8f3d4d58b2daefe644b022f1~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=Pv3tylDEf9pPs8DXqkpTbazvcmM%3D)
房颤
特点:
心室率极不规则且快,多在100-160次/分
与正常心电图相比,如下:
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/058e0cc8f1a247719978e0334ec2aaed~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=FVivFVY88Huw1QS7sT%2BUQvaj%2F8w%3D)
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/afea04f716a5443eaf0fb233df99e269~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=pdvQUPFAnhNOkCrlA7GpigVIIFM%3D)
房颤
分类
按持续时间:
阵发性房颤:可自行终止,发作时间小于48小时。
持续性房颤:发作时间超过7天,需要药物进一步治疗。
永久性房颤:不能转为正常心率或在转为正常心率后24小时内复发者。
按有无基础心脏疾病
病理性房颤
特发性房颤:这往往发生在年龄较轻者,多数小于50岁。
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/51fbdd68089a49e2900798a707adeae5~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=0EW6h7vj7hgAeR%2FGILjaBvxAjb8%3D)
房颤
临床表现
心悸
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/c1ad0f30a5da4b2fb0c826dfc8492ccf~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=4FRZ9gG530K2Rtv4BEoDtkwV5hU%3D)
气短
出汗
乏力
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/e98335c8b390406a9755245911e3ce5c~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=rDAwMvMsP7%2B0rfFZXiUKqaWg1Ww%3D)
眩晕
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/644bda22fa4945a69ceeb7ae93f1471a~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=lQVKiz2h75CEs5BkI3M5%2FERmQgA%3D)
胸部不适
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/0fd5d23318ab4407b5c9933182120779~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=VgY1F5tOIY4zzjRyA6GNGncUPjY%3D)
血栓栓塞
严重者会造成脑中风
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/c17037c808694c54aa5326aa41140e46~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=o%2FUxMejktOy6iooJ2Nlok2jlWec%3D)
诱发或加重原发心脏疾病的症状:
如心力衰竭或心绞痛
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/710f0f1b49e549c8870667e1809501ee~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=VtEN5w23c052vPaiD%2BF88HdUYus%3D)
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/4a5df5887d6640b7b0be38b5a84a4699~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=MyRDzlZ3rX6mAqr%2B7bBDRDcO5vc%3D)
房颤
常见诱因
除了原发疾病外,还与劳累、饮酒、摄入咖啡因、精神紧张、水电解质紊乱、严重感染等有关。
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/8be08eb1526540ceb5d1d9f4c6b9291e~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=i9%2Fi8nsYD9ITiMK%2BtS1DDeMMThc%3D)
![](https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/9f9f91cad0c448b8b6d8fa0ffade25ef~tplv-tt-large.jpeg?x-expires=1969949769&x-signature=RpMufkmNFckdipkOxqoSAlhDagY%3D)